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Atomic electron transition is a change of an electron from one quantum state to another within an atom〔Schombert, James. (Quantum physics. ) ''University of Oregon Department of Physics.''〕 or artificial atom.〔Observation of quantum jumps in a superconducting artificial atom - http://arxiv.org/abs/1009.2969〕 It appears discontinuous as the electron "jumps" from one energy level to another in a few nanoseconds or less. It is also known as atomic transition, quantum jump, or quantum leap. Electron transitions cause the emission or absorption of electromagnetic radiation in the form of quantized units called photons. Their statistics are Poissonian, and the time between jumps is exponentially distributed.〔Observing the quantum jumps of light - http://www.mpq.mpg.de/Theorygroup/CIRAC/wiki/images/8/86/Samuel.pdf〕 The damping time constant (which ranges from nanoseconds to a few seconds) relates to the natural, pressure, and field broadening of spectral lines. The larger the energy separation of the states between which the electron jumps, the shorter the wavelength of the photon emitted. The observability of quantum jumps was predicted by Hans Dehmelt in 1975, and they were first observed using trapped ions of mercury at NIST in 1986. The optical Bloch equations are not consistent with quantum jumps. Although changes of quantum state occur on the sub-microscopic level, in popular discourse, the term "quantum leap" refers to a large increase.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=quantum )〕 ==See also== * Spontaneous Emission * Stimulated emission * Burst noise * Ensemble interpretation * Fluorescence * Phosphorescence * Molecular electronic transition for molecules 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「atomic electron transition」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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